... gold process has long been an established surface refining process among printed circuit board techniques. However, in spite of many advantages over conventional solder | MULTILAYER CIRCUITS FAB | levelling it has only been adopted for certain application areas. Nickel gold is utilized in particular where PCB surfaces are exposed to aggressive environments, for | MULTILAYER CIRCUITS FAB | instance in mobile phones, or automobile electronics. Due to the consistent chemical precipitation of metal, gold is the obvious choice for all fine-pitch assemblings with | MULTILAYER CIRCUITS FAB | under 0,5 mm grid spaces. Due to its smooth excellence, the immersion nickel gold surface is a better alternative to HAL, particularly for narrow SMD | MULTILAYER CIRCUITS FAB | grids on both side of PCB`s. The actual wiring of a component is effected by means of a 4-6 my thick layer of nickel, and | MULTILAYER CIRCUITS FAB | not by means of the extremely fine 0,05 to 0,2 my layer of gold which merely serves as an oxidation and diffusion blockage in order | MULTILAYER CIRCUITS FAB | to extend the soldering conditions. Thicker gold layers, up to 0,3 my, are only ...
[ Multilayer Circuits Fab ]... metal deposition on an unclad substrate with electroplating or with etching, or with both | SMOBC SOLDER MASK OVER BARE COPPER. | A method | MULTILAYER CIRCUITS FAB | of fabricating a printed wiring board which results in the final metallization being copper with no other protective metal but the non soldered areas are | MULTILAYER CIRCUITS FAB | coated by a solder resist, exposing only the component terminal areas. | SOLDER LEVELING |The process of dipping PCB's into hot liquids, or exposing them | MULTILAYER CIRCUITS FAB | to liquid waves to achieve fusion. First, flux is applied to the board by dipping or brushing. Then the board is preheated in a liquid | MULTILAYER CIRCUITS FAB | (maintained at 250 F). Next, the board is immersed in fusing liquid at 430 - 500 F. Finally, it is dipped in another 250 F | MULTILAYER CIRCUITS FAB | liquid to cool it and reduce thermal shock. Thin fused coatings can be applied. | SOLDER RESISTS (SOLDERMASK) | Coatings which mask off and surface | MULTILAYER CIRCUITS FAB | insulate those areas of a circuit where soldering is not desired. | STEP AND REPEAT | A method by which successive exposures of a ...
[ Multilayer Circuits Fab ]... by covering the pad and smd sides with gold. In our opinion, however, immersion nickel / gold will never become an established alternative to | MULTILAYER CIRCUITS FAB | HAL. As already mentioned, the processing costs are the greatest handicap for this method. However, due to the lack of other alternatives in the lead-free | MULTILAYER CIRCUITS FAB | future immersion nickel / gold will retain its position in the area of fine pitch and COB applications. Cost disadvantages of the immersion nickel / | MULTILAYER CIRCUITS FAB | gold process could be balanced, in particular in the production of large series (consumer goods), if the use of chip-on-board is considered. It is often | MULTILAYER CIRCUITS FAB | worth purchasing “bare” chips and connecting them directly to the PCB with bonding wire. The amount saved on the chip casing could then pay off. | MULTILAYER CIRCUITS FAB | | ERROR HIGHLIGHTS | > What are the most frequent mistakes or omissions? From the view of a pcb-manufacturer? (in order of the frequency) 1.) | MULTILAYER CIRCUITS FAB | The indication, which drillings or milling should be plated through or not plated through. 2.) The ...
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